Microplastic pollution making its way to remote Arctic waters, study of belugas' prey suggests
Hundreds of thousands of tiny bits of plastic waste have been found in the prey of belugas, proving that the pollution in the whales is making its way even to the most remote Arctic waters, a new study says.
In the study, published in the journal Science of the Total Environment, researchers looked at five species of Arctic fish that are regular prey of belugas and found 21 per cent of them had microplastic particles in their gastrointestinal tracts.
The lead author of the study, Rhiannon Moore, said this finding confirmed that microplastics are moving up the food chain.
“It's a worry because plastic, as we know, is everywhere, and we don't really know the long-term effect of all the different types of plastic that are ending up in these species,” she said in an interview.
Moore, who recently completed a master of science degree at Simon Fraser University and is a zero-waste outreach co-ordinator with the City of Victoria, said many northern animals are encountering environmental change.
“So, we have species that are experiencing the effects of climate change, increased marine traffic, migration patterns - all sorts of changes. And so this is just another ... human-made impact that that's occurring.”
Microplastics are contaminants that are less than five millimetres in size.
Almost 80 per cent of the particles found in the stomachs of fish studied come from textiles and clothing that are washed into waterways in the laundry process, the report said.
There is evidence that tiny bacteria make these fibres their home, increasing their palatability for fish, it added.
The study documents microplastics in the stomachs of fish from the Eastern Beaufort Sea, north of Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Alaska.
The latest study builds on the team's previous work where researchers looked at the bodies of seven belugas from an Indigenous hunt by members of the Inuvialuit community of Tuktoyaktuk in the western Canadian Arctic. That study estimated the whales ingest upwards of 145,000 particles of microplastics a year.
Moore said it confirms belugas are likely ingesting the plastics through their prey.
“So, before ... we were making assumptions and estimations, and now we really know that plastic is in the food that whales eat, and likely other other species.”
The latest study said the Arctic deep sea has been identified as a potential source of plastic accumulation.
Belugas are known to dive to depths greater than 1,000 metres and spend “significant” time at the sea floor bottom, it said.
“How climate change will influence beluga foraging behaviour and activity in the deep sea, and the associated exposure to plastic debris remains unclear,” the report said.
Peter Ross, a senior scientist with the Raincoast Conservation Foundation and a co-author of the report, said evidence suggests that microplastics in the Arctic are largely making their way on currents from the Atlantic Ocean.
“The Arctic communities are not really big players in contaminating their backyard,” he said.
“So, we have yet again another example of a pollutant from the more urbanized and industrialized south moving quickly and readily into the Arctic.”
There is “near universal contamination” of the water in the Arctic, he said.
Moore said she was “not necessarily surprised” by the findings because of the large quantities of plastic that enter the oceans every year.
But she said she is hoping that the discovery spurs people into taking action.
“Everyone loves whales, and nobody really wants whales to be threatened in any way,” Moore said.
“Whenever you talk about whales and pollution, it tugs on their heartstrings and so you would hope that this would cause people to act and look at daily life choices.”
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Oct. 20, 2021.
CTVNews.ca Top Stories
Expert warns of food consumption habits amid rising prices
A new survey by Dalhousie University's Agri-Food Analytics Lab asked Canadians about their food consumption habits amid rising prices.
Documents reveal Ottawa's efforts to get Loblaw, Walmart on board with grocery code
It was evident to the federal government as early as last fall that Loblaw and Walmart might be holdouts to the grocery code of conduct, jeopardizing the project's success.
opinion The special relationship between King Charles and the Princess of Wales
Royal commentator Afua Hagan writes that when King Charles recently admitted Catherine to the Order of the Companions of Honour, it not only made history, but it reinforced the strong bond between the King and his beloved daughter-in-law.
Charlie Woods, son of Tiger, shoots 81 in U.S. Open qualifier
Charlie Woods failed to advance in a U.S. Open local qualifying event Thursday, shooting a 9-over 81 at Legacy Golf & Tennis Club.
Improve balance and build core strength with this exercise
When it comes to cardiovascular fitness, you may tend to focus on activities that move you forward, such as walking, running and cycling.
'I just want to be safe': Ukrainian man in Canada faces limbo amid consular freeze
A recent decision to restrict consular services for fighting-aged Ukrainian men has made a Ukrainian man in Canada feel less certain of his next steps — and worried he could be pulled back to the war.
B.C. tenants evicted for landlord's use after refusing large rent increase to take over neighbouring suite
Ashley Dickey and her mother rented part of the same Coquitlam duplex in three different decades under three different landlords.
Mountain guide dies after falling into a crevasse in Banff National Park
A man who fell into a crevasse while leading a backcountry ski group deep in the Canadian Rockies has died.
Dozens of U.S. deaths reveal risks of injecting sedatives into people restrained by police
The practice of giving sedatives to people detained by police has spread quietly across the U.S. over the last 15 years, built on questionable science and backed by police-aligned experts, an investigation led by The Associated Press has found.