Microplastic pollution making its way to remote Arctic waters, study of belugas' prey suggests
Hundreds of thousands of tiny bits of plastic waste have been found in the prey of belugas, proving that the pollution in the whales is making its way even to the most remote Arctic waters, a new study says.
In the study, published in the journal Science of the Total Environment, researchers looked at five species of Arctic fish that are regular prey of belugas and found 21 per cent of them had microplastic particles in their gastrointestinal tracts.
The lead author of the study, Rhiannon Moore, said this finding confirmed that microplastics are moving up the food chain.
“It's a worry because plastic, as we know, is everywhere, and we don't really know the long-term effect of all the different types of plastic that are ending up in these species,” she said in an interview.
Moore, who recently completed a master of science degree at Simon Fraser University and is a zero-waste outreach co-ordinator with the City of Victoria, said many northern animals are encountering environmental change.
“So, we have species that are experiencing the effects of climate change, increased marine traffic, migration patterns - all sorts of changes. And so this is just another ... human-made impact that that's occurring.”
Microplastics are contaminants that are less than five millimetres in size.
Almost 80 per cent of the particles found in the stomachs of fish studied come from textiles and clothing that are washed into waterways in the laundry process, the report said.
There is evidence that tiny bacteria make these fibres their home, increasing their palatability for fish, it added.
The study documents microplastics in the stomachs of fish from the Eastern Beaufort Sea, north of Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Alaska.
The latest study builds on the team's previous work where researchers looked at the bodies of seven belugas from an Indigenous hunt by members of the Inuvialuit community of Tuktoyaktuk in the western Canadian Arctic. That study estimated the whales ingest upwards of 145,000 particles of microplastics a year.
Moore said it confirms belugas are likely ingesting the plastics through their prey.
“So, before ... we were making assumptions and estimations, and now we really know that plastic is in the food that whales eat, and likely other other species.”
The latest study said the Arctic deep sea has been identified as a potential source of plastic accumulation.
Belugas are known to dive to depths greater than 1,000 metres and spend “significant” time at the sea floor bottom, it said.
“How climate change will influence beluga foraging behaviour and activity in the deep sea, and the associated exposure to plastic debris remains unclear,” the report said.
Peter Ross, a senior scientist with the Raincoast Conservation Foundation and a co-author of the report, said evidence suggests that microplastics in the Arctic are largely making their way on currents from the Atlantic Ocean.
“The Arctic communities are not really big players in contaminating their backyard,” he said.
“So, we have yet again another example of a pollutant from the more urbanized and industrialized south moving quickly and readily into the Arctic.”
There is “near universal contamination” of the water in the Arctic, he said.
Moore said she was “not necessarily surprised” by the findings because of the large quantities of plastic that enter the oceans every year.
But she said she is hoping that the discovery spurs people into taking action.
“Everyone loves whales, and nobody really wants whales to be threatened in any way,” Moore said.
“Whenever you talk about whales and pollution, it tugs on their heartstrings and so you would hope that this would cause people to act and look at daily life choices.”
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Oct. 20, 2021.
CTVNews.ca Top Stories
Most of Canada to receive emergency alert test today
The federal government will test its capacity to issue emergency alerts today, with the exception of Ontario, where the test will take place on May 15.
OPINION What King Charles' schedule being too 'full' to accommodate son suggests about relationship with Prince Harry
Prince Harry, the Duke of Sussex, has made headlines with his recent arrival in the U.K., this time to celebrate all things Invictus. But upon the prince landing in the U.K., we have already had confirmation that King Charles III won't have time to see his youngest son during his brief visit.
Ontario man devastated to learn $150,000 line of credit isn't insured after wife dies
An Ontario man found out that a line of credit he thought was insured actually isn't after his wife of 50 years died.
Boy Scouts of America is rebranding. Here's why they're now named Scouting America
After more than a century, Boy Scouts of America is rebranding as Scouting America, another major shakeup for an organization that once proudly resisted change.
Stormy Daniels describes meeting Trump during occasionally graphic testimony in hush money trial
With Donald Trump sitting just feet away, Stormy Daniels testified Tuesday at the former president's hush money trial about a sexual encounter the porn actor says they had in 2006 that resulted in her being paid to keep silent during the presidential race 10 years later.
Rape, terror and death at sea: How a boat carrying Rohingya children, women and men capsized
In March, Indonesian officials and local fishermen rescued 75 people from the overturned hull of a boat off the coast of Indonesia. Until now, little was known about why the boat capsized.
'A huge difference': These adults born in the '90s partnered with their parents to buy homes in Ontario
An Ontario woman said it would have been impossible to buy a house without her mother – an anecdote that animates the fact that over 17 per cent of Canadian homeowners born in the ‘90s own their property with their parents, according to a new report.
For their protection, immigrants critical of China and India call for speedy passage of Canada's foreign interference legislation
Canadian immigrants threatened by hostile regimes are urging parliamentarians to quickly pass the 'Countering Foreign Interference Act' so they can feel safe living in their adopted home.
How Drake and Kendrick Lamar's rap beef escalated within weeks
A long-simmering feud between hip-hop superstars Drake and Kendrick Lamar reached a boiling point in recent days as the pair traded increasingly personal insults on a succession of diss tracks. Here’s a quick overview of what’s behind the ongoing beef.