Testing has found you don’t need to spend a lot on batteries to keep those gadgets up and running.

You’ll likely need lots of AA batteries this holiday season for all those new toys and electronic devices, but which are the best value for your money?

Consumer Reports tested 15 double-A batteries, 13 alkalines and two lithiums ranging in price from 62 cents per pair to $5. The tests simulated typical use in toys and flashlights.

Overall, the lithium batteries were tops, but so were some of the alkalines at half the price. Duracell Quantum was the best alkaline performer and sells in packs that cost about $2.50 per pair. 

Consumer Reports’ best buy for batteries is Kirkland Signature Alkaline from Costco. They are sold in large value packs, so a pair ends up costing only $1. 

When it’s time to change the batteries in your devices, always use ones that are all the same age, brand, and type. 

And that long held belief about keeping batteries in the fridge to prolong their life? Consumer Reports says don’t bother. Keep your batteries in a cool, dry place and they will probably last about seven years. 

Consumer Reports says not to keep batteries or your battery-powered devices in extreme heat for extended periods to avoid leaks and ruptures. Also, don’t keep batteries in your pockets because they could rub against spare change, causing them to short-circuit.